electronics for beginners

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Signals

Once your circuit get more complex they will wan to communicate to other device or to store information or to manipulate information. In electronics this is done with waves, pulse and signals. One for the first, most simple and widely know know uses of this is Morse code. Morse code is a language of dots and dashes used to represent different letters. A simple switch and battery attached to a light or a buzzer can transmit information. Dot-Dot-Dot Dash-Dash-Dash Dot-Dot-Dot is the most common example. Each grouping it a letter, Dot-Dot-Dot represents "S" and Dash-Dash-Dash represents "O" making "SOS" which if an abbreviation meaning help.

Morse Code Circuit
by turning on and off the switch pulse can be made

There are many ways and languages used to interpret these signals, Morse code is just one of them. There are, however, two type of signal digital and analog. digital signal have definite values, like Morse code, it's signal is either on or off, with no shades in between, most digital signal are base of this one or off principle know as binary. These are most commonly know as pulse signal and can be read by measuring the presence, or lack of, current.

binary digital signal

Analog signal are not as clear cut and must be interpreted. They have no defined on's and off's but must be interpreted to the precision desired. For example you can have a signal passed in voltage. If the voltage you send is representing a number (eg sending 12 volt is sending the number 12) there is ambiguity, is it 12 or is it 12.00034 etc. This is use commonly in representing wave signal like sound.

analog signal


Signals, however are never perfect, it takes time for voltage or current to change and after effects like 'ringing' can distort the true message. Also most signal will encounter varying degrees of noise for random events and outside interference. The level of the interference is an important factor in deciding what signal to send. You may only have low levels of noise, but if your signal has low levels too it might get lost against the noise.

signal noise and ringing



Signals

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Anonymous
220
it actually stood for nothing at the time it was appointed as the international distress signal. they were chosen bcoz they are easiest to distiguish and remember compared to other morse code symbols. The phrases were added later.
w.harden
2
it really means SAVE OUR SHIP. it is an old mariner term used so everyone is on the same page in an emergency.
Anonymous
220
no, it is right
Anonymous
220
SOS means Save Our Ship and sometimes it is also used as Save Our Souls. But the 3 letters don't actually stand for anything. Here is a long :-) list of what SOS could mean and how it is used: http://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/SOS
Anonymous
220
Nearly correct. It is in fact, Save Our SOULS.
Anonymous
220
Hi
Does anyone has a schematic of a circuit that can read the frequency of a signal
I've googled but.. no results.. =/
Thanks
Malcom
0
What does SOS actual stand for? Does anyone know? I have heard Save Our Soles but I think that is slang.
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